dhyānayoga
atha ṣaṣṭho'dhyāyaḥ
śloka 1
śrībhagavānuvāca |
anāśritaḥ karmaphalaṃ kāryaṃ karma karoti yaḥ |
sa saṃnyāsī ca yogī ca na niragnirna cākriyaḥ ||6-1||
Translation
Shri Bhagavan said: He who performs obligatory action without depending on its fruits—he is a renunciant and a Yogi, not he who has merely abandoned the sacred fire and rituals.
śloka 2
yaṃ saṃnyāsamiti prāhuryogaṃ taṃ viddhi pāṇḍava |
na hyasaṃnyastasaṅkalpo yogī bhavati kaścana ||6-2||
Translation
O Pandava! What the learned call renunciation, that you should understand as Yoga; for no man who has not abandoned desires becomes a Yogi.
śloka 3
ārurukṣormuneryogaṃ karma kāraṇamucyate |
yogārūḍhasya tasyaiva śamaḥ kāraṇamucyate ||6-3||
Translation
For the sage who desires to ascend to Yoga, action is said to be the means; and for him who has ascended to Yoga, quiescence is said to be the means.
śloka 4
yadā hi nendriyārtheṣu na karmasvanuṣajjate |
sarvasaṅkalpasaṃnyāsī yogārūḍhastadocyate ||6-4||
Translation
When the aspirant is neither attached to the objects of the senses nor to actions, he is said to have ascended to Yoga, having renounced all desires.
śloka 5
uddharedātmanātmānaṃ nātmānamavasādayet |
ātmaiva hyātmano bandhurātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ ||6-5||
Translation
Man should uplift himself by his own self and not degrade himself; for the Self alone is the friend of the Self, and the Self alone is the enemy of the Self.
śloka 6
bandhurātmātmanastasya yenātmaivātmanā jitaḥ |
anātmanastu śatrutve vartetātmaiva śatruvat ||6-6||
Translation
For him who has conquered the lower self (senses, etc.) by the higher Self, the Self is his friend; but for him who has not conquered the senses, the Self remains like an enemy.
śloka 7 and 8
jitātmanaḥ praśāntasya paramātmā samāhitaḥ |
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu tathā mānāpamānayoḥ ||6-7||
jñānavijñānatṛptātmā kūṭastho vijitendriyaḥ |
yukta ityucyate yogī samaloṣṭāśmakāñcanaḥ ||6-8||
Translation
He who remains serene in cold and heat, pleasure and pain, honour and dishonour—for such a self-controlled man the Supreme Self is properly established, that is, present in the form of the Self. The Yogi who is content with knowledge and wisdom, who is free from perturbation and has conquered the senses, to whom clay, stone and gold are alike—he is said to be united with the Supreme.
śloka 9
suhṛnmitrāryudāsīnamadhyasthadveṣyabandhuṣu |
sādhuṣvapi ca pāpeṣu samabuddhirviśiṣyate ||6-9||
Translation
He who has the same regard for friend, companion, enemy, the indifferent, the mediator, the hostile, and kinsmen, as well as for the righteous and the sinful—he is the best.
śloka 10
yogī yuñjīta satatamātmānaṃ rahasi sthitaḥ |
ekākī yatacittātmā nirāśīraparigrahaḥ ||6-10||
Translation
The Yogi who has controlled his body and mind should dwell alone in a secluded place, free from hope and possessions, and constantly fix his mind on the Self.
śloka 11 and 12
śucau deśe pratiṣṭhāpya sthiramāsanamātmanaḥ |
nātyucchritaṃ nātinīcaṃ cailājinakuśottaram ||6-11||
tatraikāgraṃ manaḥ kṛtvā yatacittendriyakriyaḥ |
upaviśyāsane yuñjyādyogamātmaviśuddhaye ||6-12||
Translation
Having established his seat on a clean spot, neither too high nor too low, with kusha grass, a deerskin and cloth spread thereon—there, having made the mind one-pointed and subdued the activities of mind and senses, he should practice Yoga for the purification of the Self.
śloka 13 and 14
samaṃ kāyaśirogrīvaṃ dhārayannacalaṃ sthiraḥ |
samprekṣya nāsikāgraṃ svaṃ diśaścānavalokayan ||6-13||
praśāntātmā vigatabhīrbrahmacārivrate sthitaḥ |
manaḥ saṃyamya maccitto yukta āsīta matparaḥ ||6-14||
Translation
Holding the body, head and neck erect and steady, fixing the gaze on the tip of the nose without looking in other directions—the aspirant should sit with a serene mind, fearless, established in the vow of celibacy, restraining the mind, fixing the consciousness on Me, and regarding Me as the supreme goal.
śloka 15
yuñjannevaṃ sadātmānaṃ yogī niyatamānasaḥ |
śāntiṃ nirvāṇaparamāṃ matsaṃsthāmadhigacchati ||6-15||
Translation
Thus, ever striving to steady the mind, the Yogi of restrained mind attains the peace that is supreme Nirvana, abiding in Me.
śloka 16
nātyaśnatastu yogo'sti na caikāntamanaśnataḥ |
na cātisvapnaśīlasya jāgrato naiva cārjuna ||6-16||
Translation
But, O Arjuna! This Yoga is not possible for him who eats too much or eats nothing at all, nor for him who sleeps too much or stays awake always.
śloka 17
yuktāhāravihārasya yuktaceṣṭasya karmasu |
yuktasvapnāvabodhasya yogo bhavati duḥkhahā ||6-17||
Translation
Yoga becomes the destroyer of sorrow for him who is moderate in eating and recreation, who is moderate in effort, and who is moderate in sleep and wakefulness.
śloka 18
yadā viniyataṃ cittamātmanyevāvatiṣṭhate |
niḥspṛhaḥ sarvakāmebhyo yukta ityucyate tadā ||6-18||
Translation
When the controlled mind becomes established in its own nature alone and is free from desire for all objects, then he is called a Yogi.
śloka 19
yathā dīpo nivātastho neṅgate sopamā smṛtā |
yogino yatacittasya yuñjato yogamātmanaḥ ||6-19||
Translation
As a lamp in a windless place does not flicker—such is the simile used for the mind of the Yogi of restrained mind who practices Yoga.
śloka 20, 21, 22, 23
yatroparamate cittaṃ niruddhaṃ yogasevayā |
yatra caivātmanātmānaṃ paśyannātmani tuṣyati ||6-20||
sukhamātyantikaṃ yattad buddhigrāhyamatīndriyam |
vetti yatra na caivāyaṃ sthitaścalati tattvataḥ ||6-21||
yaṃ labdhvā cāparaṃ lābhaṃ manyate nādhikaṃ tataḥ |
yasminsthito na duḥkhena guruṇāpi vicālyate ||6-22||
taṃ vidyād duḥkhasaṃyogaviyogaṃ yogasaṃjñitam |
sa niścayena yoktavyo yogo'nirviṇṇacetasā ||6-23||
Translation
When through the practice of Yoga the restrained mind attains calm, and when the aspirant sees the Self by the Self and is satisfied within the Self; when he experiences that supreme bliss which is transcendent, beyond the senses, and grasped by the intellect—the practitioner of meditation, established in that bliss, is never swayed from the truth; when having attained that gain, no other gain seems greater to him, and when established in it he is not shaken even by the heaviest sorrow—disunion from union with sorrow is what should be known as Yoga. The practice of this meditation Yoga should be performed with resolve and with an unwavering mind.
śloka 24 and 25
saṅkalpaprabhavānkāmāṃstyaktvā sarvānaśeṣataḥ |
manasaivendriyagrāmaṃ viniyamya samantataḥ ||6-24||
śanaiḥ śanairuparamed buddhyā dhṛtigṛhītayā |
ātmasaṃsthaṃ manaḥ kṛtvā na kiñcidapi cintayet ||6-25||
Translation
Having completely abandoned all desires born of resolve, and having restrained the host of senses on all sides by the mind—gradually, with the intellect endowed with steadiness, the Yogi should attain tranquillity; having established the mind in the Self, he should not think of anything else.
śloka 26
yato yato niścarati manaścañcalamasthiram |
tatastato niyamyaitadātmanyeva vaśaṃ nayet ||6-26||
Translation
Whatever causes this restless and unsteady mind to wander—by restraining those, the aspirant should bring it under the control of the Self alone.
śloka 27
praśāntamanasaṃ hyenaṃ yoginaṃ sukhamuttamam |
upaiti śāntarajasaṃ brahmabhūtamakalmaṣam ||6-27||
Translation
He whose mind is serene, who is sinless, and in whom the quality of Rajas (agitation) has been subdued—such a Yogi who has become Brahman attains supreme bliss.
śloka 28
yuñjannevaṃ sadātmānaṃ yogī vigatakalmaṣaḥ |
sukhena brahmasaṃsparśamatyantaṃ sukhamaśnute ||6-28||
Translation
Thus, the sinless Yogi who constantly practices Yoga to fix the mind in the Self easily attains the supreme bliss of contact with Brahman.
śloka 29
sarvabhūtasthamātmānaṃ sarvabhūtāni cātmani |
īkṣate yogayuktātmā sarvatra samadarśanaḥ ||6-29||
Translation
The Yogi who is united within and sees the same everywhere beholds the Atman in all beings and all beings in the Atman.
śloka 30
yo māṃ paśyati sarvatra sarvaṃ ca mayi paśyati |
tasyāhaṃ na praṇaśyāmi sa ca me na praṇaśyati ||6-30||
Translation
For him who sees Me everywhere and sees all in Me—I am never lost to him, nor is he lost to Me.
śloka 31
sarvabhūtasthitaṃ yo māṃ bhajatyekatvamāsthitaḥ |
sarvathā vartamāno'pi sa yogī mayi vartate ||6-31||
Translation
He who, established in unity, worships Me dwelling in all beings—that Yogi abides in Me regardless of how he lives.
śloka 32
ātmaupamyena sarvatra samaṃ paśyati yo'rjuna |
sukhaṃ vā yadi vā duḥkhaṃ sa yogī paramo mataḥ ||6-32||
Translation
O Arjuna! He who sees the same everywhere, seeing himself in all—whether in pleasure or pain—he is considered the supreme Yogi.
śloka 33
arjuna uvāca |
yo'yaṃ yogastvayā proktaḥ sāmyena madhusūdana |
etasyāhaṃ na paśyāmi cañcalatvātsthitiṃ sthirām ||6-33||
Translation
Arjuna said: O Madhusudana! This Yoga of equanimity that You have described—I do not see how its lasting establishment is possible, for the mind is restless.
śloka 34
cañcalaṃ hi manaḥ kṛṣṇa pramāthi balavad dṛḍham |
tasyāhaṃ nigrahaṃ manye vāyoriva suduṣkaram ||6-34||
Translation
For, O Krishna! This mind is restless, turbulent, strong and obstinate; I consider restraining it as difficult as restraining the wind.
śloka 35
śrībhagavānuvāca |
asaṃśayaṃ mahābāho mano durnigrahaṃ calam |
abhyāsena tu kaunteya vairāgyeṇa ca gṛhyate ||6-35||
Translation
Shri Bhagavan said: O mighty-armed one! Without doubt the mind is restless and difficult to control; but, O son of Kunti! it can be subdued by practice and dispassion.
śloka 36
asaṃyatātmanā yogo duṣprāpa iti me matiḥ |
vaśyātmanā tu yatatā śakyo'vāptumupāyataḥ ||6-36||
Translation
Yoga is difficult to attain for the man of uncontrolled mind; but for him who has mastered his mind and strives diligently, it is attainable through proper means—such is My view.
śloka 37
arjuna uvāca |
ayatiḥ śraddhayopeto yogāccalitamānasaḥ |
aprāpya yogasaṃsiddhiṃ kāṃ gatiṃ kṛṣṇa gacchati ||6-37||
Translation
Arjuna said: O Krishna! He whose mind has wandered from Yoga, who has not attained perfection in practice—what state does such a man of faith attain?
śloka 38
kaccinnobhayavibhraṣṭaśchinnābhramiva naśyati |
apratiṣṭho mahābāho vimūḍho brahmaṇaḥ pathi ||6-38||
Translation
O mighty-armed one! Does not that man, deluded on the path to Brahman and without support, perish like a rent cloud—fallen from both?
śloka 39
etanme saṃśayaṃ kṛṣṇa chettumarhasyaśeṣataḥ |
tvadanyaḥ saṃśayasyāsya chettā na hyupapadyate ||6-39||
Translation
O Krishna! You alone are fit to completely dispel this doubt of mine; for besides You, no one else can dispel this doubt.
śloka 40
śrībhagavānuvāca |
pārtha naiveha nāmutra vināśastasya vidyate |
na hi kalyāṇakṛtkaścid durgatiṃ tāta gacchati ||6-40||
Translation
Shri Bhagavan said: O Partha! Neither in this world nor in the next is there destruction for that man; O dear one! no one who does good ever attains an evil destiny.
śloka 41
prāpya puṇyakṛtāṃ lokānuṣitvā śāśvatīḥ samāḥ |
śucīnāṃ śrīmatāṃ gehe yogabhraṣṭo'bhijāyate ||6-41||
Translation
The man who has fallen from Yoga attains the worlds of the virtuous, dwells there for a long time, and then takes birth in the house of the prosperous who are of pure conduct.
śloka 42
athavā yogināmeva kule bhavati dhīmatām |
etaddhi durlabhataraṃ loke janma yadīdṛśam ||6-42||
Translation
Or, the aspirant takes birth in a family of wise Yogis; but such a birth is indeed very rare in this world.
śloka 43
tatra taṃ buddhisaṃyogaṃ labhate paurvadehikam |
yatate ca tato bhūyaḥ saṃsiddhau kurunandana ||6-43||
Translation
O delight of the Kurus! That man, endowed with the knowledge acquired in the previous body, strives even more for the perfection of Yoga.
śloka 44
pūrvābhyāsena tenaiva hriyate hyavaśo'pi saḥ |
jijñāsurapi yogasya śabdabrahmātivartate ||6-44||
Translation
By that same previous practice he is irresistibly drawn toward Yoga. He who is merely curious about Yoga transcends the realm of sound and Brahman.
śloka 45
prayatnādyatamānastu yogī saṃśuddhakilbiṣaḥ |
anekajanmasaṃsiddhastato yāti parāṃ gatim ||6-45||
Translation
But the Yogi who strives diligently in practice, having been purified from all sins and perfected through many births, then attains the supreme goal.
śloka 46
tapasvibhyo'dhiko yogī jñānibhyo'pi mato'dhikaḥ |
karmibhyaścādhiko yogī tasmādyogī bhavārjuna ||6-46||
Translation
For the Yogi is deemed superior to ascetics, superior even to those who possess knowledge merely of the scriptures, and superior to those who perform actions; therefore, O Arjuna, be a Yogi.
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